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body_diff: "[{\"diffs\":[[1,\"<html>\\\r\\\n<head>\\\r\\\n  <title>必读 | PDM、ERP与MES的实施顺序问题！_数字化企业网_微信易读</title>\\\r\\\n  <basefont face=\\\"微软雅黑\\\" size=\\\"2\\\" />\\\r\\\n  <meta http-equiv=\\\"Content-Type\\\" content=\\\"text/html;charset=utf-8\\\" />\\\r\\\n  <meta name=\\\"exporter-version\\\" content=\\\"YXBJ Windows/608924 (zh-CN, DDL); Windows/10.0.0 (Win64); EDAMVersion=V2;\\\"/>\\\r\\\n  <meta name=\\\"application-data:2525275\\\" content=\\\"6692893/s30/bb25c9b0-f6e3-4d56-8526-85429fbb9ae1/app.yinxiang.com\\\"/>\\\r\\\n  <style>\\\r\\\n\\tbody, td {\\\r\\\n\\t  font-family: 微软雅黑;\\\r\\\n\\t  font-size: 12pt;\\\r\\\n\\t}\\\r\\\n  </style>\\\r\\\n</head>\\\r\\\n<body>\\\r\\\n<a name=\\\"9636\\\"></a>\\\r\\\n<h1>必读 | PDM、ERP与MES的实施顺序问题！_数字化企业网_微信易读</h1>\\\r\\\n\\\r\\\n<div><span><br/><div style=\\\"font-size: 16px\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;background:rgb(251, 251, 251);\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;text-align:left;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;text-align:left;\\\"> <h1 style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;line-height:30px;font-size:1.125em;color:rgb(76, 76, 76);font-weight:bold;\\\">必读 | PDM、ERP与MES的实施顺序问题！</h1> <div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;line-height:30px;display:block;width:98%;height:30px;\\\"> <span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:3px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;display:block;float:left;\\\">分享到：</span> <span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;display:block;float:right;\\\"> <p 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style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;line-height:30px;\\\"> <div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"></div><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"></div></div><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"></div><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"></div></div></div><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">有观点认为，没有产品数据管理（PDM），企业资源计划（ERP）就是无源之水，没有制造执行系统（MES），ERP就是无本之木，所以ERP就成为“枯萎的ERP”。实际上这个结论过于简单，会造成许多误解。</span></p></div></div></div><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;line-height:30px;\\\"> <div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">PDM与ERP谁先谁后</span></strong></p></div></div></div><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">首先从数据流向上看它是对的。没有产品设计，没有零件目录，没有工艺文件和工时定额，生产组织是无法进行的。这无论搞不搞信息化都得如此。但是，就信息集成的角度来讲，必须视企业的情况而定：按定单设计的企业，产品结构频繁变化，生产周期又短，这时如果没有CAD和PDM，却要运行ERP，确实是非常困难的，这样的企业我们主张先上CAD和PDM，再上ERP。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">　　但就一般企业而言，产品结构相对稳定、新老产品都在同时生产，企业就是上了CAD和PDM，设计部门的主要精力肯定还是放在新产品的设计上，无暇顾及老产品的信息化。而生产管理则不同，新老产品都要进行管理，这样，在相当长的一段时间内，即使上了PDM，老产品的物料数据、物料清单、工艺路线及工时定额数还是要靠手工录入，不能依靠PDM的集成。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">　　从发展历史来看，MRPⅡ和ERP至今已有近30年的历史，而PDM只有10来年，这就证明没有PDM的年代，MRP和ERP仍然是可以运行的。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;line-height:30px;\\\"> <div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">MES与ERP谁先谁后</span></strong></p></div></div></div><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">制造执行系统，MES按照美国AMR研究公司对MES的定义：MES是一个工厂层的信息系统，介于企业领导层的计划系统与生产过程的直接工业控制系统之间。它以当前视角向操作人员/管理人员提供生产过程的全部资源（人员、设备、材料、工具和客户要求）的数据和信息。MES在工厂综合自动化系统中起着中间层的作用。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">在ERP系统所产生的长期计划的指导下，MES根据底层控制系统采集的与生产有关的实时数据，对短期生产作业的计划调度、监控、资源配置和生产过程进行优化。</span><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">【e-works公众号内容不错，值得关注】</span></strong></span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">MES的功能模块包括工序详细调度、资源分配和状态管理、生产单元分配、过程管理、人力资源管理、维护管理、质量管理、文档控制、产品跟踪和产品清单管理、性能分析和数据采集等模块。在MES下层，是底层生产控制系统，包括DCS、PLC、NC/CNC和SCADA或这几种类型的组合。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></span></p><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;line-height:30px;\\\"> <div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">制造执行系统的三层模型</span></strong></p></div></div></div><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">可见，MES是业务计划系统和控制系统的中间环节，什么样的制造业企业有完善的控制系统呢，流程工业和高度数控化的离散制造业，只有这类企业他们才能从底层控制系统中采集生产执行情况的数据，反馈给MES和ERP。也只有在这种环境下，MES才能显示出它独特的魅力。在这种环境下可以说：没有MES的ERP在执行层就像没有触觉和视觉，不能得到及时准确的信息反馈。这类企业上MES是完全必要的。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">　　然而对于一般的离散制造业，由于设备自动化水平低，底层缺乏甚至根本就没有控制系统，没有办法从底层自动获取生产执行数据，一切生产执行数据都需要人工键入，这时的MES就失去了它的威力。这种生产环境下的MES与ERP的车间生产管理系统没有两样，因此也谈不上没有MES的ERP是“无本之木”，因此，并非什么企业都需要MES。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">　　同样的理由，从发展历史来看，MRPⅡ和ERP至今已有近30年的历史，而MES只有10来年，证明没有MES的年代，MRPⅡ和ERP仍然是可以运行的。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;line-height:30px;\\\"> <div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><div style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">结论</span></strong></p></div></div></div><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">按定单设计，按单件制造，产品结构数据变化频繁的企业，建议先上PDM/PLM，再上ERP。对于一般企业先上什么后上什么.一定要视企业的需求而定。对于流程工业和高度数控化的离散制造业，MES可以从底层控制系统中获取及时、准确的数据，这时MES具有独特的魅力，对于那些自动化程度很低，甚至根本就没有底层控制系统的企业，ERP中的车间管理和MES具有相同的功能。</span></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"></span></p><hr style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;line-height:30px;\\\"/><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\">来源：来源：选自公众号【<span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">MES百科</strong></span>】，微信号【<strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">mesbook</span></strong>】，重点推荐关注！<br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><br style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><strong style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\"><span style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;\\\">MES百科全书</span></strong></strong></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><img src=\\\":/9c1c91f1731a4238bf5a6f6f1901dd29\\\" type=\\\"image/png\\\" data-filename=\\\"de71be24.jpg.png\\\" height=\\\"4\\\" style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;max-width:100%;\\\" width=\\\"630\\\"/></p><p style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;padding:0px 0.625em;line-height:30px;text-align:left;\\\"><img src=\\\":/145e89ac34b84c6aaea629a504311a08\\\" type=\\\"image/jpeg\\\" data-filename=\\\"640.jpg\\\" height=\\\"618\\\" style=\\\"box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei', arial;max-width:100%;\\\" width=\\\"617\\\"/></p> </div></div></div></div></div></div><br/></span>\\\n</div></body></html>\\u0000\"]],\"start1\":0,\"start2\":0,\"length1\":0,\"length2\":23545}]"
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